AP Biology

Mostly Everything You Need to Know About AP Biology

Exam Outline

Section I: Multiple Choice

Questions Time Exam Weight Calculator
60 90 minutes 50% Yes

Section II: Free Response

Questions Time Exam Weight Calculator
6 90 minutes 50% Yes

A four-function or nongraphing scientific calculator without storage is allowed; an equations sheet is provided.

Notes

Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 Unit 5 Unit 6 Unit 7 Unit 8

Course Content

Unit 1: Chemistry of Life
8%–11% of the multiple-choice section

1.1 Structure of Water and Hydrogen Bonding

1.2 Elements of Life

1.3 Introduction to Macromolecules

1.4 Carbohydrates

1.5 Lipids

1.6 Nucleic Acids

1.7 Proteins

Unit 2: Cells
10%–13% of the multiple-choice section

2.1 Cell Structure and Function

2.2 Cell Size

2.3 Plasma Membrane

2.4 Membrane Permeability

2.5 Membrane Transport

2.6 Facilitated Diffusion

2.7 Tonicity and Osmoregulation

2.8 Mechanisms of Transport

2.9 Cell Compartmentalization

2.10 Origins of Cell Compartmentalization

Unit 3: Cellular Energetics
12%–16% of the multiple-choice section

3.1 Enzymes

3.2 Environmental Impacts on Enzyme Function

3.3 Cellular Energy

3.4 Photosynthesis

3.5 Cellular Respiration

Unit 4: Cell Communication and Cell Cycle
10%–15% of the multiple-choice section

4.1 Cell Communication

4.2 Introduction to Signal Transduction

4.3 Signal Transduction Pathways

4.4 Feedback

4.5 Cell Cycle

4.6 Regulation of Cell Cycle

Unit 5: Heredity
8%–11% of the multiple-choice section

5.1 Meiosis

5.2 Meiosis and Genetic Diversity

5.3 Mendelian Genetics

5.4 Non-Mendelian Genetics

5.5 Environmental Effects on Phenotype

Unit 6: Gene Expression and Regulation
12%–16% of the multiple-choice section

6.1 DNA and RNA Structure

6.2 DNA Replication

6.3 Transcription and RNA Processing

6.4 Translation

6.5 Regulation of Gene Expression

6.6 Gene Expression and Cell Specialization

6.7 Mutations

6.8 Biotechnology

Unit 7: Natural Selection
13%–20% of the multiple-choice section

7.1 Introduction to Natural Selection

7.2 Natural Selection

7.3 Artificial Selection

7.4 Population Genetics

7.5 Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium

7.6 Evidence of Evolution

7.7 Common Ancestry

7.8 Continuing Evolution

7.9 Phylogeny

7.10 Speciation

7.11 Variations in Populations

7.12 Origins of Life on Earth

Unit 8: Ecology
10%–15% of the multiple-choice section

8.1 Responses to the Environment

8.2 Energy Flow Through Ecosystems

8.3 Population Ecology

8.4 Effect of Density on Populations

8.5 Community Ecology

8.6 Biodiversity

8.7 Disruptions in Ecosystems

More Resources

Immersive Biology Simulation